Masonry Work

Pointing / Repointing

The process of finishing or repairing the mortar joints between bricks or stones to improve a wall's appearance, weather resistance, and structural integrity by filling gaps with new mortar, often after removing old, deteriorated material – preventative maintenance from moisture, insects, and the elements, preventing crumbling and extending the wall's. It is recommend repointing brickwork every 25 to 30 years to prevent water infiltration and structural decay.

Parging

Applying a thin coat of cement-based mortar (a mix of cement, sand, and water) over a wall, usually concrete block or poured concrete foundations, to protect it from moisture, seal small cracks, cover imperfections, and create a smooth, uniform, and aesthetically pleasing finish.

A wall typically needs parging or parge repairs when its protective outer layer begins to fail or deteriorate, signs are listed below.

• Cracking: This is the most frequent sign of failure. While small hairline cracks are common, larger diagonal or horizontal cracks can indicate structural settling or pressure from the surrounding soil.
• Spalling and Flaking: Sections of the parging may chip, flake, or peel away in larger sheets. This often occurs because the bond between the mortar and the wall has weakened, frequently due to freeze-thaw cycles.
• Crumbling: Parging that disintegrates or turns to powder when touched has reached the end of its lifespan and no longer provides a protective barrier.
• Hollow Areas: If you tap the wall and hear a hollow sound rather than a solid thud, it indicates that the parging has detached from the foundation, creating air pockets.

Chimney Repairs

Fixing deterioration in brick, mortar, and stone to restore a chimney's safety, structure, and appearance

• Repointing/Tuckpointing: Removing crumbling mortar and replacing it with new mortar to strengthen the chimney's integrity and seal against moisture.
• Brick/Stone Replacement: Swapping out loose, cracked, or spalling (flaking) bricks or stones with new ones.
• Crown Repair: Fixing cracks or rebuilding the concrete cap (crown) that protects the top of the chimney from water.
• Waterproofing: Applying sealants to the masonry to prevent water penetration, notes this article.

Stone / Rock Work

Assembling natural stones, often with mortar, to create durable and aesthetically pleasing structures like walls, foundations, fireplaces, and decorative features

• Cast Stone: A man-made architectural concrete product designed to mimic the look and feel of natural cut stone
• Natural Stone/Rocks
• Manufactured-Stone Veneer: A lightweight, man-made building material designed to mimic the look of natural stone
• Retaining walls